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O que você precisa saber sobre eflúvio telógeno agudo (queda de cabelo)

Por Amanda Gomes - 29/11/2017
4 minutos para ler

O eflúvio telógeno, popularmente conhecido como queda de cabelo, é uma condição dermatológica em que os fios sofrem uma queda acentuada e acelerada, bem diferente do padrão. Essa queda acontece quando os cabelos são penteados ou escovados ou até mesmo de maneira espontânea.

Pode ser dividido em dois grupos: o eflúvio telógeno agudo e crônico. A forma crônica pode estar relacionada à ação de doenças autoimunes, que não tem cura mas tem tratamento. Já a forma aguda é consequência de eventos mais pontuais como uma infeção, medicamento ou parto. 

É um dos principais motivos de consulta ao médico dermatologista. Para saber mais sobre o eflúvio telógeno agudo, confira o post que preparei para você!

Quais são os sintomas?

O principal sintoma é a queda ativa de cabelo. O número total de fios aumenta que se desprendem do couro cabeludo aumenta muito e isso é facilmente notado pelas pacientes. Não raro elas conseguem se lembrar do dia exato em que a queda começou.  Com o passar das semanas pode haver diminuição da densidade e perda de volume.

Quando ocorre o eflúvio telógeno agudo?

Geralmente o eflúvio está relacionado há eventos que aconteceram nos últimos 3 meses. Qualquer evento que cause um desequilíbrio orgânico, mesmo discreto, é capaz de precipitar uma queda de cabelo. 

  • parto

  • cirurgia (principalmente de médio e grande porte) 

  • febre alta e prolongada 

  • infecções agudas, como a dengue

  • dietas restritivas

  • perda rápida de peso 

  • uso de medicamentos psiquiátricos, antibióticos e anticoagulantes

  • interrupção de anticoncepcional

  • dermatite seborreica severa 

  • ingestão de dhea, keto-7, turkesterone, tribulus terrestris, amaranto e maca peruana 

Vale também lembrar que procedimentos químicos próximo da raiz dos cabelos — como escovas progressivas — podem ser irritantes para o couro cabeludo, provocando aumento da queda.

Como é feito o diagnóstico?

O primeiro passo para o diagnóstico é uma anamnese bem feita. Tuso o que pode interferir na saúde dos cabelos deve ser perguntado. É importante verificar a rotina alimentar, o uso de todos os medicamentos, o uso de suplementos alimentares e vitaminas, a prática de atividade física, a exposição solar, o comportamento do ciclo menstrual, os antecedentes familiares e os cuidados com os fios, além de outros sintomas sistêmicos que podem sugerir doenças mais graves. 

Ainda na consulta é feito o exame físico dos fios e couro cabeludo, com teste de tração, tricoscopia, tricograma e até biópsia do couro cabeludo se necessário.

Os exames laboratoriais (de sangue) são solicitados sempre. Pelo menos as análises hormonal, nutricional e metabólica tem que ser feitas. Se houver outras queixas podemos ampliar essa lista.

Como é realizado o tratamento?

O eflúvio telógeno agudo é um evento auto limitado. Ou seja, esses fios que sofreram com agressões sistêmicas vão parar de cair por conta própria e voltar a nascer. O que podemos fazer é resolver  problema de base (caso ainda exista) e acelerar o aparecimento de novos fios, dando-lhes mais força e espessura.

Medicações estimulantes do crescimento podem ser utilizadas para acelerar o processo de recuperação dos fios e por consequência aumento de volume, corpo e número de fios. Hoje dispomos do minoxidil e latanoprosta. A luz de LED também é bem vinda e tem efeito terapêutico comprovado cientificamente. Tratamentos com microagulhamento ou MMP (Microinfusão de Medicamentos na Pele) podem ser indicados também para auxílio no crescimento dos fios. Eles melhoram a absorção dos princípios ativos e acelera o ganho de fios. 

Quais são as formas de prevenção?

Basicamente temos que evitar os fatores precipitantes, dentro do possível. O primeiro passo é manter uma alimentação saudável e equilibrada. Devemos evitar grandes variações de peso e uso de medicamentos. E sempre que estiver diante de uma queda de cabelo se lembre de consultar um dermatologista para ter um diagnóstico correto e um tratamento de sucesso. Lembre-se que a queda de cabelo pode representar a ponta do iceberg e ser um sintoma de uma doença grave!!!!! Nós não devemos encara isso como um problema estético e sim um problema médico!!! Cuide da sua saúde!!!! 

Agora que você já sabe mais sobre o eflúvio telógeno, confira também nosso artigo “Queda de cabelo após quadro de dengue: pode acontecer?” e continue aprendendo!

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